Importance of Cynipidae Family (Hymenoptera) ornamental and food plants
Instituto Federal Goiano, Biology, Parasitology, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
Review
International Journal of Frontiers in Science and Technology Research, 2022, 03(01), 001–026.
Article DOI: 10.53294/ijfstr.2022.3.1.0044
Publication history:
Received on 21 May 2022; revised on 25 June 2022; accepted on 27 June 2022
Abstract:
Reproduction of gall wasps is partially by sexual reproduction and partially by parthenogenesis, where the male is completely unnecessary. As in many species, however, there is an alternation of generations with one to two sexual generations and one parthenogenetic generation annually. This process differentiates the various generations in their appearance and in the way they induce the galls. The larvae of many species develop gallant characteristics; and there are also many species that are tenants or parasites of other gall wasps, such as those of the genus Synergus. This mini review aims to verify the importance of Cynipidae Family ornamental and food plants. To this end, a bibliographic survey of Cynipidae was carried out in the years 1937 to 2021. Only complete articles published in scientific journals and expanded abstracts presented at national and international scientific events. Data were also obtained from platforms such as: Academia.edu, Frontiers, Qeios, Biological Abstract, Publons, Dialnet, World, Wide Science, Springer, RefSeek, Microsoft Academic and Science.
Keywords:
Galls; Hyperparasitoid; Larvae; Parthenogenic; Damage
Full text article in PDF:
Copyright information:
Copyright © 2022 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article. This article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Liscense 4.0