Antibacterial activity of Daniellia oliveri leaf extract on enteric bacteria
1 Department of Microbiology, Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria.
2 Department of Fisheries Technology, Akperan Orshi Polytechnic Yandev, Benue State, Nigeria.
Research Article
International Journal of Frontiers in Science and Technology Research, 2024, 06(02), 084–092.
Article DOI: 10.53294/ijfstr.2024.6.2.0041
Publication history:
Received on 12 April 2024; revised on 29 May 2024; accepted on 31 May 2024
Abstract:
Plants have been valuable and indispensable sources of natural products for the health of human beings and they have a great potential for producing new drugs. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of Daniellia oliveri leaf extract on enteric bacteria. The leaves of Daniellia oliveri plant were obtained around the Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi and were packaged in polyethene bags and transported to the Microbiology Laboratory Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University. The leaves were air dried and pulverized to obtain the powder from which the ethanolic and aqueous extracts were made. The concentrations prepared were 250 mg/ml, 125 mg/ml, 62.5 mg/ml and 31.25 mg/ml, respectively. The antibacterial activity was carried out using agar well diffusion method while the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the aqueous and ethanolic Daniellia oliveri leaf extracts was determined by macro broth dilution method. The phytochemical screening showed that the ethanolic extract had alkaloids, glycosides, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, terpernoids and quinones while phytosterols were absent. The aqueous extract had alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, terpernoids, quinones and phytotosterols while glycosides were absent. The effect of the ethanolic leave extract of Danellia oliveri was highest (28.67±2.08) on Salmonella spp at a concentration of 250 mg/ml and lowest (13.67±1.53) at a concentration of 31.25 mg/ml. On Klebsiella spp, the effect was highest (22.00 ±2.62) at a concentration of 250 mg/ ml and lowest (9.33±0.58) at a concentration of 31.25 mg/ml, while the effect of the ethanolic leave extract of Danellia oliveri as observed on Shigella sp was highest (21.33±1.53) at a concentration of 250 mg/ ml and lowest (0.00±0.00) at a concentration of 31.25 mg/ml. The effect of the aqueous extract was highest (28.67±2.08) at a concentration of 250 mg/ml and lowest (0.00±0.00) at a concentration of 31.25 mg/ml on Salmonella spp, highest (22.00 ±2.65) at a concentration of 250 mg/ml and lowest (9.33±0.58) on Klebsiella sp while it was highest (7.22±0.18) at a concentration of 250 mg/ml and lowest (0.00±0.00) at a concentration of 31.25 mg/ml on Shigella spp. The findings of this study suggest the use of Daniellia oliveri leaf extracts in synthesized antibiotics which could be effective in the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders.
Keywords:
Daniella oliveri; Antibacterial; Ethanolic extracts; Aqueous extracts; Minimum inhibitory concentration; Agar well diffusion; Phytochemical screening
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