Ethnobotany and phytochemical analysis of Jatropha Tanjorensis in Mubi Adamawa State, Nigeria
1 Department of Botany, Adamawa State University, Mubi, Nigeria.
2 Department of Chemistry, Adamawa state University, Mubi, Nigeria.
3 Department of Biology, College of Education, Zing, Nigeria.
Research Article
International Journal of Frontiers in Life Science Research, 2021, 01(01), 040–047.
Article DOI: 10.53294/ijflsr.2021.1.1.0035
Publication history:
Received on 05 April 2021; revised on 08 May 2021; accepted on 11 May 2021
Abstract:
This study was focused on the ethanobotanical survey, phytochemical and proximate analysis of Jatropha tanjorensis in Mubi. The ethnobotanical survey was carried out in some selected parts of both Mubi North and South local government area through oral interview using traditional medicine practioners and some householders as the interviewee. After air drying, pulverizing and extracting the bioactive constituents of the leaf using ethanol and water as solvents, the phytochemical and proximate analysis were carried out using a standard procedures. The ethnobotanical survey showed that, J. tanjorensis were used in the study area as a remedy to diseases such as: measles, scabies, malaria, high blood pressure, stomach ache, diabetes mellitus, eczema and anaemia with 74 % of the interviewee mentioning leaves as part mostly used. The qualitative phytochemical screening indicated the presence of compounds, namely: tannins, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, glycosides and anthraquinones in both the ethanoic and aqueous leaf extracts except terpenoids which was not detected in the ethanolic extract. The quantitative analysis showed glycosides (4.12 mg/100 g) and flavonoids (3.45 mg/100 g) as the highest compound in the ethanolic and aqueous extracts respectively. Carbohydrate was shown to be the highest proximate constituent with 52.38 % and fat the least with 1.76 %. Therefore, J. tanjorensis is rich in bioactive constituents and the leaves are mostly the plant part used as a remedy to illnesses such measles, scabies, malaria, high blood pressure, stomach ache, diabetes mellitus, eczema and anaemia.
Keywords:
Ethanolic; Alkaloids; Leaves; Analysis; Jatropha
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