Electrical propulsion systems for satellites: a review of current technologies and future prospects

Adeola Ona-Olapo Esho 1, *, Tosin Daniel Iluyomade 2, Tosin Michael Olatunde 3 and Osayi Philip Igbinenikaro

1 Independent Researcher, Osun State, Nigeria.
2 Mechanical Design Engineer, M+C Department, Mulalley & Co Ltd, London, United Kingdom.
3 Department of Electrical Power and Energy Systems (with Advanced Practice) Teesside University, Middlesbrough, UK.
4 Pisces Offshore Limited, Lagos, Nigeria.
 
Review
International Journal of Frontiers in Engineering and Technology Research, 2024, 06(02), 035–044.
Article DOI: 10.53294/ijfetr.2024.6.2.0034
Publication history: 
Received on 01 March 2024; revised on 10 April 2024; accepted on 13 April 2024
 
Abstract: 
Electrical propulsion systems have revolutionized satellite technology by offering greater efficiency, longer mission durations, and increased maneuverability compared to traditional chemical propulsion systems. This review explores current technologies and future prospects in the field of electrical propulsion systems for satellites. The discussion begins with an overview of existing technologies, including ion propulsion systems, Hall effect thrusters, and pulsed plasma thrusters. Each technology's principles of operation, advantages, limitations, and notable applications are examined. The review delves into the future prospects of electrical propulsion systems, exploring advanced concepts such as magnetoplasmadynamic thrusters, variable specific impulse magnetoplasma rockets, and electrospray propulsion systems. Additionally, miniaturization and efficiency improvements, as well as sustainable and green propulsion alternatives, are discussed. Challenges and opportunities facing the field are addressed, including technical hurdles like power generation and management, thruster lifespan, and regulatory and economic considerations such as policy frameworks and market dynamics. In conclusion, the review underscores the critical role of continued research and development in electrical propulsion systems for satellites. As the demand for more capable and sustainable satellite missions grows, advancements in propulsion technology will be essential in meeting these evolving needs and pushing the boundaries of space exploration.
 
Keywords: 
Electrical Propulsion Systems; Satellites; Current Technologies; Future Prospects​
 
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