Comparison of methylglyoxal and malondialdehyde as biomarkers of oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus with cardiovascular risk factors in patients
Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science, University of Kirkuk-Iraq.
Research Article
International Journal of Frontiers in Biology and Pharmacy Research, 2026, 09(02), 010-019.
Article DOI: 10.53294/ijfbpr.2026.9.2.0015
Publication history:
Received on 26 February 2026; revised on 15 April 2026; accepted on 17 April 2026
Abstract:
The aim of the study was to compare the plasma concentration of MGO and MDA in patients with T2DM with and without cardiovascular risk factors and examine their relationship with clinical and biochemical variables. The participants consisted of 80 people, 30 with cardiovascular risk T2DM, 30 with no cardiovascular risk T2DM, and 20 healthy controls. The plasma levels of MGO and MDA were determined by the HPLC and TBARS methods, respectively, whereas the level of fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, lipid profile, blood pressure, and BMI were measured as well. The MGO and MDA levels were significantly elevated in diabetic patients with the cardiovascular risk and a positive correlation between the oxidative stress indicators and the HbA1c, fasting glucose, LDL, and triglycerides and a negative correlation between the HDL levels. These results suggest that higher plasma MGO and MDA are the indicators of the presence of high oxidative stress in patients with T2DM, especially those with the cardiovascular risk factors who may have cardiovascular complications, and thus the biomarkers can be used as sensitive ones to predict early occurrence of oxidative stress and cardiovascular complications in patients and thereby the biomarkers can become a sensitive indicator of the early detection of oxidative stress and cardiovascular complications in patients and thereby that can trigger timely intervention strategies to improve patient outcomes.
Keywords:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus; Methylglyoxal; Carbonyl stress; Oxidative stress; Cardiovascular risk
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